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Protein: The Real Story | Nutrition Guide | Hamish Johnstone Nutrition
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Home/Resources/Protein: The Real Story
Satiety & Satiety

Protein isn't a trend.
It's the one macro doing all the heavy lifting.

Keeps you full, keeps your muscle, and does it best when you stop dumping it all into one meal. Here's the actual science, no bro-science required.

Evidence-basedNo bro-science

Gram for gram, protein is the most filling thing you can eat — it slows digestion, blunts the hunger hormone ghrelin, and bumps up the fullness signals your gut sends to your brain harder than carbs or fat manage to. That's not a supplement company talking point, that's just how your gut hormones work.

Translation for anyone in a calorie deficit: swapping some carbs or fat for extra protein is one of the easiest ways to feel less hungry on fewer calories.

Lean Mass

Cutting calories without cutting muscle

Any decent-sized calorie deficit puts muscle at risk — your body doesn't automatically know to burn fat and leave muscle alone. A higher protein intake during a deficit consistently protects lean mass better than a standard or low-protein approach at the same calorie level, especially paired with resistance training.

65% / 35%
Low protein deficit
Fat lost vs. muscle lost. More than a third of weight lost here is muscle — a worse trade for anyone training hard.
85% / 15%
Higher protein deficit
Fat lost vs. muscle lost. Muscle is far better protected at the same calorie deficit.

Figures illustrate the typical direction and scale of the effect seen across body composition research — individual results vary with training status, starting body composition, and deficit size.

Distribution

One massive feed doesn't beat three solid ones

Your muscles can only respond to so much protein at once — there's a threshold (roughly 20–40g of good-quality protein) that needs crossing to properly switch on muscle building. Extra protein in that sitting mostly just gets used for energy or excreted, not extra gains.

That means 10g at breakfast, 15g at lunch, and 70g at dinner switches the "build muscle" signal on properly once — maybe twice. Spread the same total protein evenly across three or four meals, and you switch it on three or four times a day instead.

The practical bit: if breakfast is where your protein always falls short — toast and coffee, nothing else — that's usually the easiest single fix. Eggs, Greek yoghurt, or a protein shake closes the gap fast.

Ligaments & Tendons

Protein isn't just for muscle

Tendons and ligaments are basically rope made of collagen, rebuilt constantly under training load — far more slowly than muscle. Most everyday protein sources aren't great raw material for that specific job; collagen is unusually rich in glycine and proline, which most people don't get much of from a normal diet.

The protocol with real evidence behind it

~30–60min pre-loading: 15–20g collagen/gelatin + ~50mg vitamin C

A controlled trial found vitamin C-enriched gelatin taken roughly an hour before exercise doubled a key marker of collagen synthesis compared to placebo. Keep it in perspective: real but modest effect, an add-on for tendon-loading days or heavy training blocks — not a replacement for hitting your normal daily protein target from whole foods.

Practical Guide

How much, and when

15–25g
A Snack
Greek yoghurt, a couple of eggs, a small protein shake, or cottage cheese with fruit.
20–40g
Post-Training
A proper serving of chicken, fish, tofu, or a full protein shake, within a couple of hours of finishing.
30–40g
Main Meal
Roughly a palm-and-a-half of protein-dense food.
FoodProtein
Chicken breast, 150g≈ 35g
2 eggs≈ 13g
Greek yoghurt, 200g≈ 20g
Whey scoop≈ 24g
Tofu, 150g≈ 18g
Tin of tuna≈ 25g
Gelatin/collagen + vit C, pre-loading≈ 15–20g
1.6–2.4g/kg
Daily target in a deficit
 
3–4x
Spread across the day
 
20–40g
Per meal, to earn its keep
 
Ngā mihi — this is a general guide. Your own targets depend on body size, training load, and goals, which is exactly what we'll nail down together.
Evidence drawn from research on the leucine threshold and muscle protein synthesis (Moore et al.; Witard et al.), meal distribution studies on lean mass retention during energy restriction (Layman, 2024), established research on dietary protein's effect on satiety hormones, and controlled trial evidence on vitamin C-enriched gelatin/collagen supplementation (Shaw et al., 2017; Baar lab follow-up work).

Want this tailored to you?

This is general guidance. A consult turns it into a plan built around your body, training, and goals.

Book a Free Discovery Call
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  • Home
  • About
  • Services
  • Health and sports nutrition Blog
  • Contact
  • Resource-library
  • Packages
  • Blog
  • Locations
  • hydration-and-electrolytes
  • protein-the-real-story
  • when-the-scale-stops-moving
  • eating-out-without-losing-the-plot
  • small-stacks-big-shifts
  • fuelling-enough
  • fuelling-the-comeback
  • gels-chews-and-drinks-compared
  • Diabetes Dietitian Auckland
  • Weight Loss Packages
  • New Page